external-secrets/design/004-datafrom-key-rewrite.md

---
title: dataFrom key rewrite
version: v1alpha1
authors: 
creation-date: 2022-05-25
status: draft
---

Datafrom Key Rewrite

Table of Contents

// autogen please

Summary

DataFrom key rewrite aims to give users the possibility to rewrite secret keys before manipulating into a template. This feature is specially useful with the addition of dataFrom.find introduced in v0.5.0, as a way to allow users to rewrite secret keys in batches, without knowing the full content of the key.

Motivation

It is hard to administer key creation without having weird names that convolutes with the path. It is natural to have a feature to allow secret Keys manipulation both from the lifecycle of the secret management and as part of the templating feature.

Goals

• CRD Design for dataFrom key rewrite

Non-Goals

Do not implement secret values rewrite - this should be done with templating - nor handle initial secret value conversion (see #920).

Terminology

• Secret Key: the kubernetes secret key, aka the string in map[string][]byte in the codebase used to render Kubernetes Secrets.

Proposal

Add a rewrite step after applying either GetSecretMap or GetAllSecrets, but before applying any conversion logic. This allows us to apply individual mappings to different dataFrom groups so they can be composed well together in combination with data (see example below).

User Stories

1. As an user I want to be able to remove paths from my Secret Keys
2. As an user I want to be able to customize secret keys to have more meaningful value to the tenants consuming it.
3. As an user I want external-secrets to tell me if there is any rewrite conflict and not to overwrite secrets information.

API

Proposed CRD changes:

apiVersion: external-secrets.io/v1beta1
kind: ExternalSecret
metadata:
  name: sample
  namespace: default
spec:
  refreshInterval: 1m
  target:
   name: foobar
  secretStoreRef:
    name: secretstore-sample
    kind: SecretStore
  dataFrom:
    - extract:
        key: /foo/bar
      rewrite:
      - regexp:
          source: my-known-key
          target: new_key_name
      - regexp: 
          source: my-unknown-(.*)
          target: unknown-$1
    - find:
        conversionStrategy: Unicode
        path: "my/path/"
        name:
          regexp: "my-pattern"
      rewrite:
      -  regexp: 
            source: my/path/(.*)
            target: $1
      -  regexp:          
            source: creds/(db|system)/(.*)
            target: $2-$1
    - find:
        conversionStrategy: Default
        path: "my/path/"
        tags:
          env: dev
      rewrite:
      - regexp:
         source: my/path/(.*)
         target: dev-$1

Behavior

After applying GetAllSecrets or GetSecretMap, a rewrite logic is applied by using regular expressions capture groups. This will convert the Secret Keys according to a given standard, possibly even up to a well known key for the GetSecretMap. After the key rewrite is done, the ConversionStrategy should be applied, and then the new collection of Secret Keys (map[string][]byte) can be rendered to template.

Examples

• adding a prefix/suffix - will transform my-secret in my-preffix-my-secret-my-suffix

      rewrite:
      - regexp:
         source: (.*)
         target: my-preffix-$1-my-suffix

• removing a prefix/suffix - will transform my-preffix-my-secret-my-suffix into my-secret

      rewrite:
      - regexp:
         source: my-preffix-(.*)-my-suffix
         target: $1

• Replacing characters - will transform my/path/reader_db.creds-webapp into my-path-reader-db-creds-webapp

      rewrite:
      - regexp:
         source: \.|-|_|/ #standardizing separation with '-'
         target: -

• Removing path from the key name - will transform my/path/reader-db-creds-webapp into reader-db-creds-webapp

    - find:
        conversionStrategy: Default
        path: "my/path/"
        tags:
          env: dev
      rewrite:
      - regexp:
         source: my/path/(.*)
         target: $1
### 

• Combining operations - will transform my/path/reader-db-creds-webapp into db-creds-reader

    - find:
        conversionStrategy: Default
        path: "my/path/"
        tags:
          env: dev
      rewrite:
      - regexp:
         source: my/path/(?P<secret>.*)
         target: $secret
      - regexp:
         source: (?U)(?P<role>.*)-(?P<app>.*)-webapp
         target: $app-$role

Drawbacks

It would not be trivial to replace a specific set of existing characters for new characters with this strategy. This could be implemented with a replace method afterwards.

There are also some known limitations to golang regexp library, which implementes RE2. Some of the known limitations include:

• Lack of ability to do lookaheads or lookbehinds
• Lack of negation expressions
• Lack of support to conditionl branches.
• Lack of support to possessive repetitions.

A list of compatibility and known limitations considering other commonly used regexp frameworks (such as PCRE and PERL) are listed here https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Syntax

Acceptance Criteria

• If multiple keys have the same name an error should happen to the user referencing the original Secret Keys.
• A rewrite respects the regular expression limits
• A rewrite is compatible with dataFrom.extract and dataFrom.find
• It should be possible to remove paths with the rewrite operation.

Alternatives

Add provider-specific ConversionStrategies, which would be painfully hard to maintain.