diff --git a/modules/accounts/email.nix b/modules/accounts/email.nix
index e8cc708ed..437c8d558 100644
--- a/modules/accounts/email.nix
+++ b/modules/accounts/email.nix
@@ -268,10 +268,26 @@ let
       };
 
       aliases = mkOption {
-        type = types.listOf (types.strMatching ".*@.*");
+        description = "Alternative identities of this account.";
         default = [ ];
         example = [ "webmaster@example.org" "admin@example.org" ];
-        description = "Alternative email addresses of this account.";
+        type = types.listOf (types.oneOf [
+          (types.strMatching ".*@.*")
+          (types.submodule {
+            options = {
+              realName = mkOption {
+                type = types.str;
+                example = "Jane Doe";
+                description = "Name displayed when sending mails.";
+              };
+              address = mkOption {
+                type = types.strMatching ".*@.*";
+                example = "jane.doe@example.org";
+                description = "The email address of this identity.";
+              };
+            };
+          })
+        ]);
       };
 
       realName = mkOption {
diff --git a/modules/programs/mu.nix b/modules/programs/mu.nix
index f5ef51b0a..fdb85f85a 100644
--- a/modules/programs/mu.nix
+++ b/modules/programs/mu.nix
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ let
       filter (a: a.mu.enable) (attrValues config.accounts.email.accounts);
     addrs = map (a: a.address) muAccounts;
     # Construct list of lists containing email aliases, and flatten
-    aliases = flatten (map (a: a.aliases) muAccounts);
+    aliases = map (alias: alias.address or alias)
+      (flatten (map (a: a.aliases) muAccounts));
     # Sort the list
   in sort lessThan (addrs ++ aliases);
 
diff --git a/modules/programs/notmuch.nix b/modules/programs/notmuch.nix
index a3d679b23..071f08558 100644
--- a/modules/programs/notmuch.nix
+++ b/modules/programs/notmuch.nix
@@ -37,8 +37,9 @@ let
     in {
       name = catAttrs "realName" primary;
       primary_email = catAttrs "address" primary;
-      other_email = catAttrs "aliases" primary ++ catAttrs "address" secondaries
-        ++ catAttrs "aliases" secondaries;
+      other_email = map (email: email.address or email) (flatten
+        (catAttrs "aliases" primary ++ catAttrs "address" secondaries
+          ++ catAttrs "aliases" secondaries));
     };
 
     search = { exclude_tags = cfg.search.excludeTags; };
diff --git a/modules/programs/thunderbird.nix b/modules/programs/thunderbird.nix
index a61209fa4..3cc0539af 100644
--- a/modules/programs/thunderbird.nix
+++ b/modules/programs/thunderbird.nix
@@ -49,16 +49,25 @@ let
     };
   }));
 
+  getId = account: address:
+    if address == account.address then
+      account.id
+    else
+      (builtins.hashString "sha256" (if (builtins.isString address) then
+        address
+      else
+        (address.address + address.realName)));
+
   toThunderbirdIdentity = account: address:
     # For backwards compatibility, the primary address reuses the account ID.
     let
-      id = if address == account.address then
-        account.id
-      else
-        builtins.hashString "sha256" address;
+      id = getId account address;
+      addressIsString = builtins.isString address;
     in {
-      "mail.identity.id_${id}.fullName" = account.realName;
-      "mail.identity.id_${id}.useremail" = address;
+      "mail.identity.id_${id}.fullName" =
+        if addressIsString then account.realName else address.realName;
+      "mail.identity.id_${id}.useremail" =
+        if addressIsString then address else address.address;
       "mail.identity.id_${id}.valid" = true;
       "mail.identity.id_${id}.htmlSigText" =
         if account.signature.showSignature == "none" then
@@ -87,9 +96,7 @@ let
       addresses = [ account.address ] ++ account.aliases;
     in {
       "mail.account.account_${id}.identities" = concatStringsSep ","
-        ([ "id_${id}" ]
-          ++ map (address: "id_${builtins.hashString "sha256" address}")
-          account.aliases);
+        (map (address: "id_${getId account address}") addresses);
       "mail.account.account_${id}.server" = "server_${id}";
     } // optionalAttrs account.primary {
       "mail.accountmanager.defaultaccount" = "account_${id}";